Example essays with notes

Three original essays at about band 6, 7 and 8 (our estimates), with notes on every criterion showing what lifts an essay a band, and practice upgrading one yourself.

60 min, Free lesson

Module 2 · Lesson 10 of 11

In this lesson

  1. Recognise what an essay at about band 6, about band 7 and about band 8 looks like on each of the four criteria
  2. Study any model essay with a five-step method that builds skills instead of memorised sentences
  3. Name the specific changes that lift an essay from about 6 to 7, and from about 7 to 8
  4. Upgrade an essay at about band 6 yourself, then write a full essay using techniques from the models
On this page7 sections

Most learners read a model essay once, think ‘I could never write that’, and move on. That wastes some of the most useful material in any course. Read the right way, a model essay shows you exactly which decisions lift an essay, and decisions are far easier to copy than talent.

In this lesson you will study three original essays, each answering a different type of question: one at about band 6, one at about band 7 and one at about band 8. For each one you get the question, the essay, our notes on all four criteria, and the changes that would lift it to the next level. At the end, you upgrade the first essay yourself.

Note

About the band estimates

Every band in this lesson is our estimate, not an official IELTS result, and studying these essays cannot promise you any particular score. We wrote each essay so that its four criteria sit at about the same level, because that makes the comparison clearer. Real essays are often uneven, with one criterion half a band or more above another, so expect your own to be. In the test you receive one Writing band, in which Task 2 counts twice as much as Task 1. Be wary of essays online labelled ‘band 9’ with no explanation: anyone can put a number on an essay.

How to learn from a model essay

A model essay is not a script to learn by heart. A memorised essay almost never fits a new question exactly, and sentences that do not respond to the question in front of you show nothing about your own English. What you can take from a model is its decisions: where it states the position, how far it develops each idea, how it joins paragraphs and which words it chooses. Those decisions work on any topic.

Step by step:Five steps for studying any model essay
  1. Stage 1: Read the question and name its type and its tasks, for example: first view, second view, my opinion.
  2. Stage 2: Give yourself two minutes to decide your own position and two main ideas, so you have something to compare with.
  3. Stage 3: Read the essay once for the argument only, then write its position in one sentence of your own.
  4. Stage 4: Read it again with the four criteria in mind, and mark one strength for each: the task, the organisation, the vocabulary and the grammar.
  5. Stage 5: Read our notes, then write down two techniques (not sentences) to use in your next essay.

Step 2 matters more than it looks. If you read a model before thinking about the question yourself, everything in it seems obvious. If you have already tried, you notice exactly where the writer did something you did not think of, and that gap is what you learn from.

Quick check:You find a well-written model essay on a topic that often comes up. What is the most useful thing to do with it?

Use the arrow keys to choose, then press Enter or Space to answer.

Essay 1: a discussion essay at about band 6

The first question is a discussion question, so a full answer has three tasks: explain the first view, explain the second view, and give your own opinion. Essay 1 does all three, and that alone keeps it out of the lower bands. What holds it at about 6 is how it does them. Before you read it, take two minutes: what would your opinion be, and where in the essay would you state it?

Think first:Read Essay 1 below, but stop before our notes underneath it. Find two things the essay does well and three things that hold it back. Then come back and tap to compare.Show the answer Hide the answer
Does well: (1) it answers all three parts of the question: the first view in paragraph 2, the second view in paragraph 3 and an opinion in paragraph 4; (2) the paragraphs are clear, one job each, and the meaning is never hard to follow. Holds it back: (1) the opinion arrives only in paragraph 4, and the conclusion then says something different (more important to give jobs to young people); (2) ideas stop before they are explained, for example This is not good for their health; (3) small grammar slips appear in most paragraphs, such as older workers has and find job. If you also spotted the empty first sentence, the template linking (Firstly, Moreover, In addition) or the repetition of older people, well done: the notes cover those too.

Example answer

Essay 1: older people and work (discussion)

The task

Some people think that older people should be encouraged to keep working after the usual retirement age. Others believe that they should retire and leave jobs for younger people. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Nowadays, work is a very important part of every person’s life. Some people think that older people should be encouraged to continue working after the retirement age, while others think they should retire and leave jobs for young people. In this essay I will discuss about both views and give my opinion.

On the one hand, there are many reasons why older people should continue working. Firstly, older workers has a lot of experiance, so they can teach younger colleagues. For example, an older nurse knows how to deal with difficult situations that a new nurse has never seen. Moreover, many older people are still healthy and want to stay active. If they stop working, they may feel boring and lonely. This is not good for their health.

On the other hand, some people believe that older people should retire. The main reason is that the number of jobs are limited, so if older people do not leave their jobs, it is difficult for young people to find job. Many young people are unemployed after they will finish university, and this can make them feel hopeless. In addition, older workers are sometimes slower and they find it more hard to learn new technology.

In my opinion, I think that older people should be able to decide when they stop working but they should not be forced to continue. Some people enjoy their job and they are still healthy, so it is better for them to work. However, other people are tired and they want to rest.

In conclusion, both views have advantages and disadvantages. Although older workers have a lot of experience, I believe that it is more important to give jobs to young people.

Our estimate6.0 (an estimate)

About band 6 overall (our estimate)

Written by Phrase Bites as an example. The band is our estimate, not an official IELTS score.

Notes on this answer
  • This essay contains deliberate mistakes so that you can see what holds a band 6 essay back. Do not copy its sentences; the notes below show the corrections.
  • Task Response: about 6. All three tasks are covered: the first view (paragraph 2), the second view (paragraph 3) and an opinion (paragraph 4). But the reader has to wait until paragraph 4 for the opinion, and then it changes: paragraph 4 says older people should decide for themselves, while the last sentence says it is more important to give jobs to young people. Paragraph 4 also drifts from the question, which is about encouraging older people to keep working, not forcing them. Several ideas stop just as they become interesting: This is not good for their health needs a how and a why, and the claim that the number of jobs is limited is simply stated, never explained. This is the criterion most at risk: a conclusion that contradicts the body makes the position unclear, and if the opinion were missing altogether, Task Response would probably fall below 6. To raise it: give the opinion in the introduction, repeat the same opinion in the conclusion, and support each main point with a reason and a specific example.
  • Coherence and Cohesion: about 6. The paragraphing is clear and each paragraph has one job, so the essay is easy to follow. The linking, though, comes from a template: eight sentences start with a linker (On the one hand, Firstly, For example, Moreover, On the other hand, In addition, However, In conclusion). In my opinion, I think says the same thing twice, and both views have advantages and disadvantages is a stock phrase that does not fit, because views do not have advantages. To raise it: cut most of the linkers and connect sentences with words that point back, such as this experience or such workers.
  • Lexical Resource: about 6. The writer has the words the topic needs, and there are some good choices (stay active, feel hopeless, younger colleagues). But older people appears six times, young people four times, and work, working or workers nine times. Several phrases are vague: a very important part of every person’s life, not good for their health, other people are tired. The first sentence could open almost any essay about work, so it adds words without saying anything about this question. There is also a misspelling, experiance, and a word-form slip, feel boring (it should be feel bored). To raise it: vary the key words (older employees, people in their sixties, staying in work) and replace each vague phrase with a specific one, such as may lose the daily routine and social contact that keep them well instead of This is not good for their health.
  • Grammatical Range and Accuracy: about 6. There is real variety: if-clauses, a relative clause (situations that a new nurse has never seen), and clauses with so and although. But six of the eighteen sentences contain a slip of grammar or word form (one of them has two): discuss about (discuss), older workers has (have), feel boring (bored), the number of jobs are (is), find job (find a job), after they will finish (after they finish) and more hard (harder). A comma before but in paragraph 4 would also make the sentence easier to read. None of these hides the meaning, which is one reason the essay sits at about 6 rather than lower, but they are frequent enough for any reader to notice. To raise it: keep the same structures, and use your last five minutes to hunt for your own three most frequent slips.
  • Why it is not lower. Every part of the question is answered, each paragraph has a clear job, and the reader never has to guess what a sentence means. An essay is more likely to drop below about 6 if part of the question is not answered, the position cannot be found, or errors are frequent enough to make the reader work out the meaning.
  • Length: 285 words. Safely over 250. More words would not help; better use of the same words would.
Quick check:Which single change would most improve Essay 1’s Task Response?

Use the arrow keys to choose, then press Enter or Space to answer.

Upgrading Essay 1’s introduction

Weaker

Nowadays, work is a very important part of every person’s life. Some people think that older people should be encouraged to continue working after the retirement age, while others think they should retire and leave jobs for young people. In this essay I will discuss about both views and give my opinion.

Better

As people stay healthy for longer, there is growing debate about whether older employees should be encouraged to stay in work or should make room for younger people. In my view, the choice should be theirs: those who want to continue deserve support, and those who are ready to stop should be able to retire without pressure.

Why: The weak version opens with a sentence that could begin any essay about work, copies most of the question, spends a whole sentence announcing what the essay will do, and holds back the opinion until paragraph 4. The better version paraphrases both views in its own words (stay in work, make room for younger people) and gives a clear opinion in its second sentence, so the reader knows from the start what the essay will argue. It is only five words longer than the weak version: cutting the empty opener and the announcement made room for the opinion.

The small grammar slips are the other thing holding Essay 1 back. None of them hides the meaning, but together they tell the reader that the writer’s control is not yet secure. Fixing them is quick, and slips like these are among the most common in learners’ essays, so they are worth learning to spot in your own writing.

Fill the gaps

Each sentence is based on Essay 1, with the slip taken out and a gap left where it was. Type ONE correct word in each gap, following the hint in brackets where there is one.

  1. Firstly, older workers a lot of experience, so they can teach younger colleagues. (Essay 1 wrote has.)
  2. Older employees can share their with younger colleagues. (Essay 1 misspelt this word.)
  3. If they stop working, they may feel and lonely. (Use a form of the word bore.)
  4. The main reason is that the number of jobs limited. (Use a form of be.)
  5. It is difficult for young people to find job.
  6. Many young people are unemployed after they university.
  7. Older workers sometimes find it to learn new technology than younger colleagues do. (Use the comparative of hard.)

Essay 2: a two-part question at about band 7

The second question asks two direct questions, each with its own question mark: why is this happening, and what can be done? In the terms of the question-types lesson, it is a cause-solution question written as two direct questions. A full answer must respond clearly to both, so Essay 2 gives each question its own body paragraph. As you read, notice how often a sentence explains the one before it. That chain of reasons is the biggest single difference from Essay 1.

Think first:Read Essay 2 below, and stop before our notes. Find three things it does better than Essay 1. Look especially at the introduction and at how each cause is explained.Show the answer Hide the answer
Here are the main improvements. (1) The first sentence is about this topic, not about life in general: it pictures how practical skills used to be learned. (2) The introduction answers both questions in one sentence (busy family lives and a culture of convenience; schools and local communities), so the reader knows the whole argument after three sentences. (3) Each cause is explained as a chain, not just named: long working hours, so ready meals, so children see cooking as optional. (4) Only two sentences start with a linking word, yet the essay is easy to follow, because words such as these skills and Such projects point back to earlier ideas. (5) The conclusion gives exactly the same answers as the introduction, in new words. If you found three of these, you are already reading like an examiner.

Example answer

Essay 2: young people and practical skills (two-part question)

The task

In many countries, fewer young people are learning practical skills such as cooking simple meals, mending clothes or doing basic repairs at home. Why is this happening? What can be done to change this situation?

Not long ago, most teenagers learned to cook a basic meal or sew on a button simply by watching their parents. Today, many young adults leave home without these skills. In my view, this is mainly the result of busy family lives and a culture of convenience, and it could be reversed if schools and local communities made practical skills part of everyday learning again.

The first reason is that many parents have little time to pass these skills on. When both parents work long hours, it is often quicker to buy a ready meal or order food through an app than cooking together, and children therefore grow up seeing cooking as optional rather than essential. A second cause is that repairing things no longer seems worth the effort. Clothes and household items have become so cheap that a torn shirt or a broken lamp is usually thrown away and replaced. As a result, young people rarely see anyone mending something, so they never learn how to do it themselves.

Schools can play an important role in solving this problem. Many have reduced practical classes in order to spend more time on exam subjects, but even one lesson a week in cooking or basic repairs would give every pupil a foundation, regardless of their home life. Local councils could also support community workshops where volunteers show residents how to fix bicycles or alter clothes. Such projects are relatively inexpensive to run, and they have the added benefit of bringing different generations together.

In conclusion, young people are losing practical skills because their families have less time and because replacing things has become easier than repairing them. Bringing these skills back into schools and communities would help the next generation to become more independant and less wasteful.

Our estimate7.0 (an estimate)

About band 7 overall (our estimate)

Written by Phrase Bites as an example. The band is our estimate, not an official IELTS score.

Notes on this answer
  • Task Response: about 7. Both questions are answered, each in its own body paragraph, and the introduction gives both answers in advance (busy family lives and a culture of convenience; schools and local communities). Each cause is explained as a chain, not just named: long working hours, so ready meals and delivery apps, so children see cooking as optional rather than essential. Holding it back: the link between causes and solutions is left to the reader. The school lessons are clearly the answer to busy families, but the essay never says so, and the community workshops are named rather than explained (who would run them, and why would young people come?). To raise it: tie each solution to the cause it answers, and give the second solution the same depth as the first.
  • Coherence and Cohesion: about 7. The essay moves logically from causes to solutions, and the reader always knows which cause is being discussed (The first reason, A second cause). Words that point back do much of the linking: these skills, this problem, Such projects. Only two sentences begin with a linker, and As a result introduces a real result rather than decoration. Holding it back: the signposting is a little predictable, and this problem at the start of paragraph 3 is broad, so the solutions do not connect as tightly to the causes as they could. To raise it: open paragraph 3 with a sentence that names the cause it responds to (see the example after this essay).
  • Lexical Resource: about 7. Natural, topic-specific combinations appear throughout: sew on a button, pass these skills on, a ready meal, a culture of convenience, alter clothes, regardless of their home life, the added benefit of. There is little accidental repetition. Holding it back: a few phrases are safe rather than precise: play an important role, solving this problem, and a foundation (a foundation in what?). There is also one misspelling in the conclusion, independant (independent), the kind of occasional slip that does not hide the meaning. To raise it: replace each stock phrase with words that could only belong to this essay, for example the basic kitchen and repair skills that some pupils no longer learn at home instead of a foundation.
  • Grammatical Range and Accuracy: about 7. The sentences are varied and mostly well controlled: so cheap that..., a conditional (it could be reversed if schools... made...), a passive (is usually thrown away and replaced) and even one lesson a week... would give.... There are two small grammar slips, both in paragraph 2. First, it is often quicker to buy... than cooking together mixes two forms: a comparison should keep the same form on both sides, so quicker to buy... than to cook together. Second, after a negative word such as rarely, English normally uses any words, so rarely see anyone mending something should be rarely see anyone mending anything. Neither slip hides the meaning, and most sentences are error-free, which is typical of about 7: good control with a few mistakes. (The slips are deliberate, so do not copy them.) To raise it: keep this control, and use structures to sharpen the argument, for example a conditional that tests an idea (If schools did nothing, the gap would only widen).
  • Length: 296 words, only eleven more than Essay 1. The difference is not the number of words but what they do: Essay 1 spends words on an empty opener and an announcement, while Essay 2 spends them on explanation.
Quick check:Essay 2’s second paragraph ends: ‘As a result, young people rarely see anyone mending something, so they never learn how to do it themselves.’ What is this sentence mainly doing?

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Towards band 8: opening the solutions paragraph

Weaker

Schools can play an important role in solving this problem.

Better

If the problem begins with families who are short of time, part of the solution has to come from schools.

Why: The weak sentence is safe but general: play an important role and solving this problem could appear in almost any essay. The better sentence names the cause it answers (families who are short of time), which joins paragraph 3 to paragraph 2 and makes the link between cause and solution explicit, the main thing Essay 2’s Task Response was missing. The conditional also shows the writer reasoning rather than just stating.

Essay 3: an opinion essay at about band 8

The third question gives one claim and asks how far you agree. You can agree, disagree or partly agree; any of these can score well if the reader knows exactly where you stand and why. Before you read the essay, look closely at the key word in the claim: mainly.

Think first:Before reading Essay 3: how does the word ‘mainly’ change what your essay needs to argue? Decide in one sentence, then tap.Show the answer Hide the answer
Mainly means ‘more than anything else’. So the real question is not whether hard work matters (almost everyone agrees that it does) but whether it matters more than background and luck. An essay that only proves hard work is important has not answered the question. Essay 3 accepts that effort matters, then argues that it is not the main factor, which answers mainly directly. Full agreement can also work if you explain why effort outweighs background. What does not work is a vague middle position such as ‘there are good and bad points’, which never tells the reader how far you agree.
Think first:Now read Essay 3 below, stopping before our notes. Find one strength for each of the four criteria, and copy a few words from the essay as evidence for each.Show the answer Hide the answer
Possible answers. Task Response: the position has exact limits (I agree with this view only in part), and the reason follows straight after the colon. Coherence and Cohesion: What this argument overlooks, however, sums up paragraph 2 and turns the reader towards paragraph 3. Lexical Resource: precise words in natural combinations, such as effort compounds over time, an equally able child and have a point. Grammatical Range and Accuracy: varied, controlled structures such as To describe success as mainly the reward of effort is therefore to ignore half the picture. The notes under the essay go further, including the few places where even this essay slips.

Example answer

Essay 3: hard work, luck and background (opinion)

The task

Success in life depends mainly on hard work and determination, not on luck or the family a person is born into. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

It is comforting to believe that anyone can succeed if they work hard enough, and effort clearly matters. However, I agree with this view only in part: hard work is usually necessary for success, but the opportunities a person has to use it are shaped to a large degree by circumstances they did not choose.

There is no doubt that determination separates people who start from similar positions. Two graduates from the same university, with the same qualifications, may be in very different places ten years later simply because one kept developing new skills while the other stopped once she had secure job. Effort also compounds over time: each extra piece of work makes the next opportunity more likely, so small differences in commitment can grow into large differences in achievement. In this sense, those who argue that success is earned have a point.

What this argument overlooks, however, is that people rarely begin from similar positions. A child whose parents can pay for tutoring, a quiet room to study in and a year of unpaid work experience starts the race several steps ahead, while an equally able child who must work in the evenings to support the family may never have the time to show what she can do. Luck plays a part as well: a serious illness, a recession in the year someone graduates or a chance meeting with the right employer can change a career overnight, however hard the person works. To describe success as mainly the reward of effort is therefore to ignore half the picture.

In conclusion, hard work and determination are essential ingredients of success, but they are rarely enough on their own. Where people start, and the luck they meet along the way, largely decide how far their effort can take them.

Our estimate8.0 (an estimate)

About band 8 overall (our estimate)

Written by Phrase Bites as an example. The band is our estimate, not an official IELTS score.

Notes on this answer
  • Task Response: about 8. The position is exact and answers the key word mainly: hard work is usually necessary but not the main factor, because circumstances shape the opportunities to use it. Paragraph 2 accepts the strongest part of the claim and paragraph 3 explains where it fails, so the partial agreement is argued, not just announced. Each idea becomes a case the reader can picture: two graduates with the same qualifications, a child who works in the evenings. What would raise it: the conclusion is a little less careful than the rest. The introduction calls hard work usually necessary, while the conclusion calls it essential, which is a slightly stronger claim. And paragraph 2 says effort decides outcomes between people with similar starting points; bringing that idea back in the final sentence would make the limits of the writer’s agreement completely exact.
  • Coherence and Cohesion: about 8. The argument moves in one direction: what is true in the claim, what it misses, what follows. Only three sentences begin with a linker, yet the essay is easy to follow, because the ideas are tied together by meaning. What this argument overlooks, however, sums up the whole of paragraph 2 in a few words and turns the reader towards paragraph 3. In this sense limits the concession precisely, and rarely begin from similar positions in paragraph 3 deliberately echoes start from similar positions in paragraph 2, so the two arguments meet head on. What would raise it: very little here; the gain would come from the Task Response point above.
  • Lexical Resource: about 8. Words are chosen for exact meaning, not to impress: determination, effort compounds over time, differences in commitment, overlooks, an equally able child, a recession, have a point, ignore half the picture. Few of these are rare; they are simply the right words, in natural combinations. What would raise it: the one real lapse is in paragraph 3, where the list after pay for does not quite work: paying for unpaid work experience makes little sense (see the fix later in this section). Essential ingredients of success in the conclusion is also a familiar phrase, a little less fresh than the language in the rest of the essay.
  • Grammatical Range and Accuracy: about 8. The structures serve the argument: a sentence beginning with What to put the key point in focus (What this argument overlooks... is that...), a long sentence that balances two children with while, colons that introduce explanations, and To describe success as... is therefore to ignore.... Almost every sentence is error-free. The one grammar slip is a missing article in paragraph 2: once she had secure job should be once she had a secure job. It is the same slip as Essay 1’s find job: strong writers make it too when they write fast, and a final check usually catches it. (It is deliberate, so do not copy it.)
  • Why not higher, in our estimate. The gap between this essay and a top-level one is small: a conclusion that could be more exact, one familiar phrase, one list that does not fit its verb and one missing article. The gap between this essay and Essay 2 is bigger, and it is not about rare grammar or impressive words. It is precision: in the position, in the examples and in the choice of each word.
  • Length: 299 words, only three more than Essay 2 and fourteen more than Essay 1.
Quick check:Paragraph 2 of Essay 3 argues FOR the statement, even though the writer only partly agrees with it. Why is this a strength?

Use the arrow keys to choose, then press Enter or Space to answer.

Fill the gaps

Reuse Essay 3’s precise words in new sentences on different topics: this is how you borrow techniques without memorising sentences. Choose from: overlooks, compounds, circumstances, determination, point. Use each word once.

  1. The plan to build a new motorway the cost to people whose homes lie along the route.
  2. The benefit of regular saving over time, so even small monthly amounts can grow into a large sum.
  3. Children’s progress at school depends partly on family that they cannot control.
  4. Learning a musical instrument well requires patience and as much as natural talent.
  5. Critics of online learning have a : many students find it hard to stay motivated without a teacher in the room.
Fixing Essay 3’s weakest sentence

Weaker

A child whose parents can pay for tutoring, a quiet room to study in and a year of unpaid work experience starts the race several steps ahead.

Better

A child whose parents can afford tutoring, a quiet room to study in and a year of unpaid work experience starts the race several steps ahead.

Why: Every item in a list must fit the words that come before it. You can pay for tutoring, but pay for a year of unpaid work experience sounds contradictory, and you do not usually pay for a quiet room either. Afford fits all three, because it is about what the family’s money makes possible, not only what it buys: these parents can afford to support a son or daughter through a year without pay. Strong writers still make slips like this under time pressure, which is why the last few minutes of the test are for checking.

The three essays side by side

Read the table one row at a time. Each row shows how one criterion changes as the essays move up a band. Notice that the right-hand column is not full of rare words or complicated grammar: it is full of exactness.

How the three essays compare on each criterion (our estimates)
CriterionEssay 1 (about 6)Essay 2 (about 7)Essay 3 (about 8)
Task ResponseAll three tasks covered, but the opinion arrives late and then shifts; ideas stop before they are explainedBoth questions answered, and both answers given in the introduction; causes explained as chains of reasonsAn exact, qualified position that answers the key word mainly; the opposing case is accepted in part, then answered
Coherence and CohesionClear paragraphs, but linking from a template: eight sentences start with a linkerLogical order and clear signposts; words such as these skills and Such projects do much of the linkingEach idea builds on the last; only three sentences start with a linker, and the joins come from meaning
Lexical ResourceThe words the topic needs, but heavy repetition, vague phrases (not good for their health), a misspelling, a word-form slip and an empty openerNatural topic phrases (pass these skills on, a ready meal), with a few safe stock phrases and one misspellingPrecise, natural choices (compounds, overlooks, an equally able child), almost no accidental repetition, one list that does not fit its verb
Grammatical Range and AccuracySome variety, but slips in six of eighteen sentencesVaried, mostly well-controlled sentences; two small slipsStructures chosen for focus and balance; one missing article
Length285 words296 words299 words
Quick check:Essay 1 has 285 words, Essay 2 has 296 and Essay 3 has 299, yet we estimate them about a band apart. What does this suggest?

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What moves an essay up a band

  1. About 6 to about 7: say it early, keep it, explain it. Give your position in the introduction, use the same position in the conclusion, and follow each main point with the reason behind it and a specific example. Essay 2’s chain (long hours, so ready meals, so cooking seems optional) is the model to copy.
  2. About 6 to about 7: let the logic do the linking. Replace template linkers with words that point back (these skills, Such projects), and end each body paragraph by connecting its point to the question.
  3. About 7 to about 8: make the position exact. Respond to the key words of the question (mainly, always, only) and say precisely how far you agree and why, as Essay 3 does with only in part and the reason after the colon.
  4. About 7 to about 8: answer the other side, do not just list it. Accept the strongest part of the opposing view, then show where it fails. That does more for your argument than three extra points.
  5. About 7 to about 8: choose the exact word. Not rarer words; more exact ones. Overlooks says more than does not think about, and an equally able child says more than a good student.
  6. At every level: control. None of these essays reaches its band through rare grammar. The stronger ones use varied structures that the writer gets right, and every writer, even at about band 8, needs the final minutes to check.
Quick check:A learner’s body paragraph begins: ‘Firstly, public transport is cheap. Moreover, it is good for the environment. In addition, it reduces traffic in city centres.’ Using what you have seen in the three essays, which advice would help this paragraph most?

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Tip

Climb one step at a time

If your essays look more like Essay 1 than Essay 2 today, do not try to write like Essay 3 yet. Copy Essay 2’s habits first: the opinion in the introduction, every idea explained as a chain, a sentence that links back to the question, and a conclusion that matches the introduction. These habits can be learned through regular practice, and they are worth more than any list of advanced words.

Your turn: upgrade Essay 1

Now use what you have seen. You already have a better introduction for Essay 1 (in the example after the essay). Your job is to rewrite the rest of its weakest parts, so that the whole essay works at about band 7. Do it without looking back at Essays 2 and 3; check against them afterwards.

Writing practice

Upgrade Essay 1 (20 minutes)

Rewrite three parts of Essay 1 (older people and work) so that, together with the improved introduction from this lesson, the essay works at about band 7. Keep the opinion from the improved introduction: older people should be free to decide for themselves when they stop working. 1. Paragraph 3 (the second view): develop ONE idea in depth, namely how older people staying in work can affect younger people. Essay 1 simply says the number of jobs is limited, which a reader can easily reject. Make the claim careful (in which jobs or situations is it most true?), explain it as a chain of reasons, and give a specific example. 2. Paragraph 4 (your opinion): support it with a reason and a specific example that a reader can picture. 3. Paragraph 5 (the conclusion): give the same opinion as the improved introduction, in new words, in one or two sentences.

20:00 left

0 words · aim for at least 150

Check your answer

Think first:Compare your rewrite with one possible version. Yours does not need to match it: check both against the same checklist.Show the answer Hide the answer
Paragraph 3: ‘Those who favour retirement at the usual age argue that it makes room for the next generation. This argument is strongest in organisations with a fixed number of senior posts, such as a hospital department or a school, where a promotion often becomes available only when someone retires. If older staff stay on for many years, talented younger colleagues may wait a long time for a step up, and some may leave the profession in frustration. For them, a predictable retirement age is less about pushing anyone out than about keeping the career ladder moving.’ Paragraph 4: ‘My own view is that the decision should belong to the individual. A sixty-seven-year-old teacher who still enjoys the classroom gains purpose and income from staying, and her pupils benefit from her experience, so it would be wasteful to push her out. A builder of the same age whose body is worn out, however, should be able to retire without feeling that he has let anyone down. Flexible options, such as part-time contracts or sharing a senior role with a younger colleague, would allow both to make the choice that suits them while still leaving room for younger staff to progress.’ Paragraph 5: ‘In conclusion, keeping experienced people in work has clear benefits, but health, energy and personal circumstances differ too much for one retirement age to suit everyone. Older people should therefore be free to choose when they stop, with real support for those who decide to continue.’ What changed: paragraph 3 now develops one idea as a chain (a fixed number of senior posts, so promotions wait for retirements, so younger staff wait or leave), and it limits the claim to where it is most true instead of stating that the number of jobs is limited; the opinion paragraph uses two contrasting people to show why choice matters, and its last sentence answers the concern raised in paragraph 3; the conclusion now matches the introduction; the template linkers and stock phrases have gone; and the slips are fixed.

Writing practice

Optional: write a full essay (40 minutes)

Write an essay of at least 250 words on this original question. More and more people now get their news from social media rather than from newspapers, television or radio. Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages? Before you start, choose two techniques from this lesson’s essays (for example, a chain of reasons, a sentence that links back to the question, or accepting part of the other side before answering it) and write them at the top of your plan. Do not reread the model essays while you write.

40:00 left

0 words · aim for at least 250

Check your answer

When you have finished, compare your essay with the side-by-side table, one row at a time, and decide which column each criterion is closest to. Be honest rather than generous: the aim is to find your next step, not to give yourself a number. The next and final lesson of this module, Timed practice: six essay questions, gives you a full self-marking checklist and six more questions to practise on.

Remember

  • Study a model essay for its decisions, not its sentences: plan your own answer first, then compare.
  • From about 6 to 7: give your position early, keep it to the end, and explain every main point as a chain of reasons.
  • From about 7 to 8: precision. An exact position that answers the question’s key words, the other side answered rather than listed, and the right word each time.
  • Higher bands do not use more linkers: Essay 1 starts eight sentences with one, Essay 3 only three.
  • Length did not separate these essays (285 to 299 words); what the words do is what counts.
  • Even an essay at about band 8 has slips, such as a missing article. Leave the last few minutes to find yours.

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